<h2>Whole-food, plant-based eating</h2><p>Diets high in fruits, vegetables and whole grains and lower in animal products and highly processed foods have <a href="https://ift.tt/2GYFSLX" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">been associated</a> <a href="https://ift.tt/3t59htc" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">with prevention</a> of many diseases. These diets have also <a href="https://ift.tt/3t59htc" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">improved health</a> <a href="https://ift.tt/2Mz5WSo" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">and even reversed</a> common <a href="https://ift.tt/3cgsYs9" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">cardiovascular, metabolic, brain, hormonal, kidney and autoimmune diseases as well as 35% of all cancers</a>.</p><p>We believe that future research should include larger trials or new research methods with <a href="https://ift.tt/3chQVPV" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">emphasis on quality of diet</a>. This would include more data on the micronutrient composition and protein sources of plant versus animal-based foods – not just proportion of fat, carbohydrates and protein. Such trials should include children, as many adult disorders are seeded as early as infancy or in utero.</p><h2>Regular physical activity</h2><p><a href="https://ift.tt/2YkhcVB" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">For decades, surgeon generals' guidelines</a> have emphasized that daily moderate-to-vigorous aerobic physical activity has both immediate and long-term health benefits. For example, why we age and the rate at which we age – chronological age versus biological age – is determined by multiple molecular processes that are directly influenced by physical activity. And now scientists are gaining a better understanding of the <a href="https://ift.tt/39oaTqf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">cellular and molecular changes that exercise</a> induces to reduce disease risk.</p><p>Research priorities for scientists and physicians include obtaining a deeper understanding of the type, intensity and frequency of activity, and better insights into the molecular and <a href="https://ift.tt/39oalRt" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">cellular alterations</a> <a href="https://ift.tt/39kB3Kx" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">that occur with exercise</a>.</p>
<h2>Restorative sleep</h2><p>Sleep helps the cells, organs and entire body to function better. <a href="https://ift.tt/2hMGsxr" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Regular uninterrupted sleep</a> of seven hours per night for adults, eight to 10 hours for teenagers and 10 or more for children is necessary for <a href="https://ift.tt/3oopare" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">good health</a>.</p><p>Though understudied, there is evidence that high-quality sleep can reduce <a href="https://ift.tt/3oopare" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">inflammation, immune dysfunction, oxidative stress, and epigenetic modification</a> of DNA, all of which are <a href="https://ift.tt/2YhDG9M" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">associated with or cause chronic disease</a>.</p><p>Therefore, research into the biological mechanisms that underlie the restorative properties of sleep could lead to environmental or population-based and policy approaches to better align our natural sleep patterns with the demands of daily life.</p>
<h2>Stress management</h2><p>Though some stress is beneficial, prolonged or extreme stress can overwhelm the brain and body. <a href="https://ift.tt/2ECh61I" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Chronic stress increases the risk of cardiovascular disease</a>, <a href="https://ift.tt/3ppUqrg" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">irritable bowel disease</a>, <a href="https://ift.tt/2KUAMol" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">obesity</a>, depression, asthma, arthritis, autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, neurological disorders and obesity.</p><p>One of the most powerful mechanisms to reduce stress and enhance resilience is by <a href="https://ift.tt/2YhQzR6" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">eliciting a relaxation response</a> using mind-body therapies and cognitive behavioral therapy.</p><p>More research is need to gain a better understanding of how these therapies work.</p><h2>Addiction reduction and elimination</h2><p>Many social, economic and environmental factors have fueled the national rise in substance abuse generally and, most tragically, the opioid epidemic.</p><p>Physicians and researchers are beginning to understand the underlying physiology and psychology of addiction.</p><p>Yet the <a href="https://ift.tt/3t05sWl" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">continued stigma and disjointed or absent access</a> to services remains a challenge. Clinicians and scientists need to explore how to predict who is more vulnerable to addiction and find ways of preventing it. <a href="https://ift.tt/3qZZcMG" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Treatment that incorporates integrated care</a> focused on all the patient's needs should be prioritized.</p>
<h2>Positive psychology and social connection</h2><p>Maintaining a positive mindset through the practice of gratitude and forgiveness has a significant impact on psychological and subjective well-being, which are, in turn, associated with <a href="https://ift.tt/2NCaU1j" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">physical health benefits</a>.</p><p>Social connectivity, namely the quantity and quality of our relationships, has perhaps <a href="https://ift.tt/36iXSfN" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">the most powerful health benefits</a>.</p><p>Conversely, <a href="https://ift.tt/3r3AniV" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">social isolation</a> – such as <a href="https://ift.tt/36gqQNa" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">living alone, having a small social network</a>, participating in few social activities, and feeling lonely – <a href="https://ift.tt/3cg9l3u" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">is associated with greater mortality</a>, increased morbidity, lower immune system function, depression and cognitive decline.</p><p>Further study is needed to uncover how an individual's biology and chemistry change for the better through more social interactions.</p>
<h2>Inflammation's role in lifestyle-related diseases</h2><p>Unhealthy lifestyle behaviors produce a vicious cycle of inflammation. While inflammation is a healthy, natural way the body fights infections, injury, and stress, too much inflammation actually promotes or exacerbates the diseases described above.</p><p>The inflammatory response is complex. We have been using machine learning and computer modeling to <a href="https://ift.tt/3ppGRrS" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">understand, predict, treat and reprogram inflammation</a> – to retain the healing elements while minimizing the detrimental more chronic ones. Scientists are unraveling new mechanisms that explain how chronic stress can turn genes on and off.</p>
<h2>Overcoming challenges and barriers</h2><p>We and others who study lifestyle medicine are now discussing how we can leverage all of these approaches to improve <a href="https://ift.tt/3or4VJz" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">clinical studies on the impacts</a> of lifestyle interventions.</p><p>At the same time we and our colleagues realize that there are environmental challenges and barriers that prevent many people from embracing these lifestyle fixes.</p><p>There are food deserts where healthier foods are not available or affordable. Unsafe neighborhoods, harmful chemicals and substances create constant stress. Poor education, poverty, cultural beliefs and racial and ethnic disparities and discrimination must be addressed for all people and patients to appreciate and embrace the six "pills."</p><p>The application of lifestyle medicines is particularly important now because unhealthy lifestyles have caused a pandemic of preventable chronic diseases that is now exacerbating the COVID-19 pandemic, which disproportionately <a href="https://ift.tt/3a2uHhW" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">afflicts those with these conditions</a>.</p><p>Ask your doctor to <a href="https://ift.tt/3opaHv9" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">"prescribe" these six "pills"</a> for a longer and better life. After all, they're free, work better than or as well as medications and have no side effects!</p><p><a href="https://ift.tt/3qYliik" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Yoram Vodovotz</a>, Professor of Surgery, <em><a href="https://ift.tt/3dPQsp5" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">University of Pittsburgh</a></em> and <a href="https://ift.tt/3aarvkv" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Michael Parkinson</a>, Senior Medical Director of Health and Productivity, UPMC Health Plan & Workpartners, <em><a href="https://ift.tt/3dPQsp5" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">University of Pittsburgh</a></em></p><p>This article is republished from <a href="https://ift.tt/18yqo7a" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://ift.tt/2KvDG2y" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">original article</a>.</p>
"Hollywood" - Google News
February 23, 2021 at 02:25AM
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‘Cockeyed’ map shows both glamor and margins of 1930s Hollywood - Big Think
"Hollywood" - Google News
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